Population: 139,000
Capital: Savanna-la-Mar
Major Towns: Bluefields, Bethel Town, Negril, Seaford Town, Grange Hill, Frome, Darliston
Westmoreland, the westernmost parish of Jamaica, spans 807 square kilometers (311 square miles) and is renowned for its vast wetland areas. The Great Morass—covering over 10,000 acres—is one of the largest freshwater wetlands on the island, acting as a natural reservoir and habitat for rare species. This fertile region is interspersed with moderately elevated hills and alluvial coastal plains.
The parish is crisscrossed by numerous rivers. Notably, the 39.7-kilometer-long Cabaritta River drains George's Plain and supports boat traffic for up to 12 miles, while other rivers such as the Negril, New Savanna, and Bowens contribute to the region’s rich ecosystem.
Westmoreland is steeped in history. Early Spanish settlers established one of their first settlements in Bluefields, and Christopher Columbus visited during his second voyage, naming the area Oristan. In 1703, the parish was christened Westmoreland, and Savanna-la-Mar became its capital in 1730. The rugged coast once served as a pirate haven, notably sheltering Henry Morgan, who later raided Panama City from Bluefields.
A defining moment in the parish’s modern history was the 1938 riots at the Frome sugar estate, which catalyzed political reforms that led to universal adult suffrage in 1944 and paved the way for Jamaica's eventual independence.
Agriculture: The backbone of Westmoreland’s economy, with key crops including sugar, bananas, coffee, ginger, cocoa, pimento, and honey.
Fishing: The parish supports a robust fishing industry with 19 designated fishing beaches and over 90 boats in operation.
Tourism: Since the 1950s, tourism has boomed in Westmoreland. Iconic resorts like Sandals Negril and Negril Beach Club, among others, draw visitors worldwide.
Manufacturing: Westmoreland ranks third in manufacturing, producing food and drink, tobacco products, animal feeds, textiles, and printed materials.
The Great Morass: This vast, nearly impenetrable freshwater wetland stretches ten miles and two miles wide. It is a vital ecological asset that supports endangered waterfowl and endemic fish species.
Mannings High School: Founded in 1738 through the endowment of Thomas Manning, this is the second-oldest secondary school in Jamaica.
Bluefields House: Once home to naturalist Philip Henry Gosse, this historic house and its garden—featuring a rare breadfruit tree—offer a glimpse into Jamaica’s early colonial history.
Savanna-la-Mar Baptist Church: Established in 1829 by Rev. Thomas Burchell, this church played a significant role in the anti-slavery movement and remains a symbol of resilience.